Prediction of potential suitable habitats of Haemphysalis concinna in Heilongjiang Province based on the maximum entropy model / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To predict the potential suitable habitat of Haemaphysalis concinna in Heilongjiang Province under different climatic scenarios. Methods The geographic locations of ticks in Heilongjiang Province from 1980 to 2022 were captured from literature review and field ticks monitoring data from Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Heilongjiang Province, and the tick distribution sites with spatial correlations were removed using the software ArcGIS 10.2. The environment data under historical climatic scenarios from 1970 to 2000 and the climatic shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) 126 scenario model from 2021 to 2040 and from 2041 to 2060 were downloaded from the WorldClim website, and the elevation (1 km, 2010), population (1 km grid population dataset of China, 2010) and annual vegetation index (1 km, 2010) data were downloaded from the Resource and Environmental Science and Data Center, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The contribution of environmental factors to H. concinna distribution was evaluated and environmental variables were screened using the software MaxEnt 3.4.1 and R package 4.1.0, and the areas of suitable habitats of H. concinna and changes in center of gravity were analyzed using the maximum entropy model in Heilongjiang Province under different climatic scenarios. In addition, the accuracy of the maximum entropy model for prediction of H. concinna distribution was assessed using the area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results A total of 79 H. concinna distribution sites and 24 environmental variables were collected, and 70 H. concinna distribution sites and 9 environmental factors that contributed to distribution of the potential suitable habitats of H. concinna in Heilongjiang Province were screened. The three most significant contributing factors included precipitation seasonality, annual precipitation, and mean temperature of the driest quarter, with cumulative contributions of 60.7%. The total area of suitable habitats of H. concinna was 29.05 × 104 km2 in Heilongjiang Province under historical climatic scenarios, with the center of gravity of suitable habitats located at (47.31° N, 129.16° E), while the total area of suitable habitats of H. concinna reduced by 0.97 × 104 km2 in Heilongjiang Province under the climatic SSP126 scenario from 2041 to 2060, with the center of gravity shifting to (47.70° N, 129.28° E). Conclusions The distribution of suitable habitats of H. concinna strongly correlates with temperature and humidity in Heilongjiang Province. The total area of potential suitable habitats of H. concinna may appear a tendency towards a decline with climatic changes in Heilongjiang Province, and high-, medium- and low-suitable habitats may shift.

Network controllability analysis of awake and asleep conditions in the brain / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

The difference between sleep and wakefulness is critical for human health. Sleep takes up one third of our lives and remains one of the most mysterious conditions; it plays an important role in memory consolidation and health restoration. Distinct neural behaviors take place under awake and asleep conditions, according to neuroimaging studies. While disordered transitions between wakefulness and sleep accompany brain disease, further investigation of their specific characteristics is required. In this study, the difference is objectively quantified by means of network controllability. We propose a new pipeline using a public intracranial stereo-electroencephalography (stereo-EEG) dataset to unravel differences in the two conditions in terms of system neuroscience. Because intracranial stereo-EEG records neural oscillations covering large-scale cerebral areas, it offers the highest temporal resolution for recording neural behaviors. After EEG preprocessing, the EEG signals are band-passed into sub-slow (0.1‍-‍1 Hz), delta (1‍-‍4 Hz), theta (4‍-‍8 Hz), alpha (8‍-‍13 Hz), beta (13‍-‍30 Hz), and gamma (30‍-‍45 Hz) band oscillations. Then, dynamic functional connectivity is extracted from time-windowed EEG neural oscillations through phase-locking value (PLV) and non-overlapping sliding time windows. Next, average and modal network controllability are implemented on these time-varying brain networks. Based on this preliminary study, it appears that significant differences exist in the dorsolateral frontal-parietal network (FPN), salience network (SN), and default-mode network (DMN). The combination of network controllability and dynamic functional networks offers new insight for characterizing distinctions between awake and asleep stages in the brain. In other words, network controllability captures the underlying brain dynamics under both awake and asleep conditions.

High expression of FABP4 in colorectal cancer and its clinical significance / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the relationship between the fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) and colorectal cancer (CRC).@*METHODS@#Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we measured the expression of FABP4 in plasma of 50 patients who underwent surgery for CRC from October 2017 to May 2018 and 50 healthy controls. The content of the visceral fat area (VFA) as seen with abdominal computed tomography (CT) scanning was measured by ImageJ software. The expression levels of FABP4, E-cadherin, and Snail proteins in CRC and adjacent tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry.@*RESULTS@#The mean concentration of plasma FABP4 of CRC patients was higher than that of the control group (22.46 vs. 9.82 ng/mL; @*CONCLUSIONS@#High LPA and VFA were risk factors for increased plasma FABP4 in CRC patients. FABP4 protein was highly expressed in CRC tissues and associated with TNM stage, differentiation, and lymph node metastasis of CRC. The level of FABP4 in CRC tissue was correlated with E-cadherin and Snail expression, suggesting that FABP4 may promote CRC progression related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Investigation on Compatibility Stability of Calcium Gluconate Injection with Different Solvents / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the compatibility stability of Calcium gluconate injection with different solvents within 24 h，and to provide reference for clinical drug use. METHODS ：10％ Calcium gluconate injection was mixed with 0.9％ Sodium chloride injection and 5％ Glucose injection in the proportion of 10∶100，30∶100 and 50∶100（v/v）as trial group ，and mixed with 10％ Glucose injection in the same proportion as control group. The water was mixed with 0.9％ Sodium chloride injection ，5％ Glucose injection and 10％ Glucose injection in the same proportion as the blank control group. The appearance of the infusion in the trial group and the control group was observed within 24 h after preparation. pH value and the number of insoluble particles were detected and compared with the blank control group. The content of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and the change of UV absorption spectrum were determined by UV spectrophotometry. RESULTS ：Compared with the blank control group infusion at the same time ， the infusion of trial group and the control group were colorless ，clear solution ，no visible foreign body ，and the pH value of the infusion of trial group and the control group had no significant change within 24 h. Within 24 h after preparation ，the number of insoluble particles ≥10 and ≥25 μm in 3 groups fluctuated but met the pharmacopoeia standard ；the number of insoluble particles with small particle size （5-10 μm）increased slightly with time ，but there was no significant difference between trial group ，control group and blank control group. The linear range of 5-HMF was 0.149-4.751 μg/mL（R2＝0.999 9）；the limit of quantitation was 0.013 μg/mL；RSDs of precision ，repeatability and stability tests （24 h）were less than 2％；average recovery was 105.23％ （RSD＝1.08％，n＝9）. The content of 5-HMF and the UV absorption spectrum had no significant change in 2 groups within 24 h. The absorbance of UV measured at 284 nm was in line with the pharmacopeia. CONCLUSIONS ：Calcium gluconate injection ， 0.9％ Sodium chloride injection and 5％ Glucose injection have good stability within 24 h，and can be used according to clinical needs.

Comparison and analysis of the detection performance of six new coronavirus nucleic acid detection reagents / 重庆医学

Objective To compare and analyse the detection performance of different 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) nucleic acid detection kits, in order to provide references for laboratory. Methods Six kinds of domestic reagents (A—F reagent) were selected for parallel detection of a series of samples from one patient in this hospital whose 2019-nCoV nucleic acid result was confirmed weakly positive. The samples were taken at three different times, the RNAs were extracted and amplified, and two parallel tests were performed each time by use of these six kits. The detection performance was compared according to the results of each kit. Results The three parallel test results (ORF1ab and N gene) of C and F reagents were positive, the results of D reagent showed the N gene was not detected, and the results of A, B, E reagents showed the ORF1ab gene was not detected sometimes. The reproducibility of in-batch detections by C reagent was the best, and the CT values of F reagents (N and ORF1ab), E reagents (ORF1ab) and A reagents (ORF1ab) showed changes in trend. Conclusion There are differences in the detection ability of six 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection reagents for weakly positive samples, and the accuracy, sensitivity and reproducibility of some reagents are not good. There is an urgent need to further optimize and improve their performance in order to better meet the needs of large-scale screening.

Survey on frequency of medical X-ray diagnosis in Heilongjiang province / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the total examinations of conventional X-ray diagnosis and CT diagnosis of radiation diagnosis and treatment institutions,in order to explore the distribution characteristic of radiological diagnosis frequency and diagnostic patients,and to estimate the application frequency of medical X-ray diagnosis in Heilongjiang province.Methods The questionnaire was sent to all radiation diagnosis and treatment institutions in forms of public document issued by the administrative department of health and family planning of Heilongjiang province.Basic situations and patient numbers of conventional X-ray diagnosis (interventional diagnosis not included) and CT diagnosis in 2016 were collected and summarized combined with sampled on-site verification.The application frequency of medical X-ray diagnosis was obtained using permanent resident population in Heilongjiang province in 2016.Results Totally 1 645 medical radiation institutions were investigated,including 81 tertiary hospitals,359 secondary hospitals,808 primary hospitals or unrated medical institutions,and 397 private dental clinics.The examinations of conventional X-ray diagnosis and CT diagnosis were 7 706 050 and 7 063 734,respectively.The application frequency of conventional X-ray diagnosis and CT diagnosis was 200.9 and 184.1 examinations per 1 000 population,respectively,and varied from 98.0 to 274.7 in different areas.The ratio of examinations in public medical institutions to that in private medical institutions was 7.47 ∶ 1.Conclusions 50％ of the total radiological diagnosis were made in tertiary hospitals,and only 13％ were made in medical institutions below primary in Heilongjiang.Meanwhile,although the number of public and private medical institutions was at the same scale,the total examination of radiological diagnosis in public medical institutions was 7 times of that in private medical institutions.The application frequency of conventional X-ray diagnosis and CT diagnosis in Heilongjiang province in 2016 was similar to that of Jiangsu province in 2015.

Impact of aortic root morphology on the implantation depth of aortic valve prosthesis during trans-catheter aortic valve replacement in patients with native bicuspid aortic valve stenosis / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the impact of aortic root morphology on the implantation depth of aortic valve prosthesis during trans-catheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in bicuspid aortic valve patients.@*Methods@#Clinical data of 40 patients with native bicuspid aortic valve stenosis who underwent TAVR using the self-expandable prosthesis (the Venus A-valve) from 2014 to 2017 in Fuwai Hospital was retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into non-deep implantation group (implant depth ≤10 mm by instant angiogram after implantation,29 cases) and deep implantation group (implant depth> 10 mm by instant angiogram after implantation,11 cases).Pre-procedural aortic root characteristics (e.g. calcification, angle and dimensions) were assessed by CT. The impact of aortic root morphology on the implantation depth and clinical outcomes were also evaluated.@*Results@#The age was (75.1±5.9) years with equal representation from the raphe-type and non-raphe type (52.5%(21/40) and 47.5%(19/40)).The bigger aorta angle ((56.5±4.5)° vs. (47.4±9.4)°, P=0.004),more frequent mild-calcification (HU850, <200 mm3) or severe-calcification(HU850, >1 000 mm3) of aortic leaflets (7/11 vs. 4/29, P=0.006), as well as higher ratio of left ventricular outflow tract perimeter to annulus perimeter ((109.2±7.5)% vs. (101.5±6.5)%, P=0.004) were found in the deep implantation group compared to the non-deep implantation group. The new in-hospital onset of bundle-branchheart-block or atrioventricular block conduction disturbance rate was higher in the deep implantation group than in the non-deep implantation group (6/11 vs. 2/29, P=0.030).Left ventricular ejection fraction was similar between deep implantation group and non-deep implantation group at baseline((49.9±8.9)% vs. (55.8±10.4)%, P=0.117), and was significantly lower in the deep implantation group than in the non-deep implantation group at 30 days after implantation ((51.6±12.8)% vs. (60.9±8.1)%, P=0.020).@*Conclusion@#Aortic root morphology of bicuspid aortic valve patients is associated with implantation depth of the prosthesis during TAVR, which affects the conduction system and left ventricular function during and post TAVR.

Outcome comparison of different therapy procedures in surgical high-risk elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective@#To compare the outcome of surgical high-risk elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis(SAS) treated by different therapy procedures, including transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI), surgical aortic valve replacement(SAVR), and drug therapy.@*Methods@#We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 242 surgical high-risk elderly (age ≥65 years old) SAS patients hospitalized in Fuwai Hospital between September 2012 and June 2015. According to the treatment method, patients were divided into TAVI group (81 cases), SAVR group (59 cases) and drug therapy group (102 cases). The primary end point was all-cause mortality at 1 year post procedure, and secondary end point included cardiac function class(NYHA), vascular complication, valvular function, non-fatal myocardial infarction, new atrial fibrillation, stroke, bleeding, pacemaker implantation, acute renal failure, and readmission. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate survival function based on follow up data and survival was compared between groups with the use of the log-rank test.@*Results@#(1) In the baseline data, there were statistically significant difference among 3 groups for the age, left ventricular ejection fraction, cardiac function class Ⅲ and Ⅳ, rates of combined diabetes, chronic renal failure, mild and moderate mitral regurgitation (P<0.01 or 0.05). The risk score of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons(STS) was 7.28±4.98 in the TAVI group, and 5.67±3.49 in the SAVR group(P=0.036). (2) The perioperative rates of pacemaker implantation(11.3%(9/81) vs. 0, P=0.025) and mild paravalvular regurgitation(29.6%(24/81) vs.1.7%(1/59), P<0.001) were significantly higher in TAVI group than in SAVR group.(3)The rate of rehospitalization was significantly lower in TAVI group than in SAVR group(3.0%(2/67) vs. 22.7%(10/44) P=0.005) and the rate of pacemaker implantation was significantly higher in TAVI group than in SAVR group(17.5 (12/67) vs. 0, P=0.008) after 1 year. The rates of death from any cause in the TAVI (5.8%(4/67)) and SAVR group (11.4%(5/44)) were significantly lower than that in the drug therapy group (54.9%(50/91), both P<0.05) after 1 year and was similar between TAVI group and SAVR group(P=0.622). (4) The rates of cardiac function classⅠandⅡ increased and Ⅲ and Ⅳ decreased in TAVI and SAVR group after 1 year when compared with base line(P<0.001). The rates of cardiac function class Ⅱ, and Ⅲ increased , class Ⅰ and Ⅳ decreased in drug therapy group after 1 year compared with base line (P=0.020). (5)The survival rates after 1 year were significantly higher in the TAVI group and SAVR group than in the drug therapy group(log-rank test, P<0.001), and the difference was similar between TAVI group and SAVR group (log-rank test, P=0.062).@*Conclusion@#In surgical high-risk elderly patients with SAS, the prognosis of drug therapy was poor, and TAVI and SAVR were associated with similarly improved rates of survival after 1 year, although there were significant differences in periprocedural complications between TAVI and SAVR groups.

Preliminary Study of Low-dose Dobutamine Stress Echocardiogram in Patients With Low-flow/Low-gradient Aortic Stenosis Combining Ventricular Dysfunction / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To explore the application value and safety of low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiogram (LDDSE) in patients of low-flow/low-gradient aortic stenosis combining left ventricular dysfunction with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Methods: A total of 5 eligible consecutive patients with contradiction of routine surgical valve replacement and going to receive TAVR in our hospital from 2013-10 to 2016-07 were enrolled. The mean aortic valvegradient, maximum flow velocity, each stroke volume and ejection fraction were recorded before and during LDDSE examination. The patients having confirmed diagnosis of true severe aortic stenosis with left ventricular contractile reserve received TAVR, for those without left ventricular contractile reserve received drug therapy or TAVR conditionally. The changes of cardiac function and NT-proBNP level were observed after TAVR. Results: All 5 patients showed positive finding in LDDSE; the mean aortic valve gradient ≥40mmHg and stroke volume≥20% implied that the patients had true severe aortic stenosis with left ventricular contractile reserve. No adverse reaction occurred during and after LDDSE. TAVR was performed in 4 patients and 1 was waiting for TAVR or balloon dilatation since temporary lacking of valve. The post-operative cardiac function was improved in all patients and NT-proBNP level was declined continuously. Conclusion: LDDSE examination could be considered in patients of aortic stenosis combining left ventricular dysfunction, low-flow and low-gradient to clarify ventricular contractile reserve and the severity of aortic stenosis. If the patients with ventricular contractile reserve, TAVR was recommended which was the effective treatment for relevant patients.

Short-term Echocardiography and Blood NT-proBNP Changes in Aortic Stenosis Patients After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To explore the cardiac function and outcomes in patients of aortic stenosis (AS) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) within 6 months in order to provide the guidance for clinical treatment. Methods: A total of 49 consecutive severe AS patients with surgical contradiction or STS high risk score and received successful TAVR in our hospital from 2013-12 to 2015-12 were studied. Echocardiography and blood levels of NT-proBNP were examined at pre- and 1 month, 6 months after TAVR. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), aortic valve mean gradient (MG), peak gradient (PG) and peak velocity (PV) were recorded. Based on pre-operative LVEF, the patients were divided into 2 groups: Cardiac dysfunction group, LVEF<50%,n=15 (30.6%) and Normal cardiac function group, LVEF≥50%, n=34 (69.4%). Post-operative cardiac function and blood levels of NT-proBNP were compared between 2 groups. Results: In all 49 patients, the following parameters were significantly improved within 7 days after TAVR: LVEF (56.0±14.6) % vs (52.5±13.8)%, MG (11±5) mmHg vs (58±18) mmHg, PG (21.7±9.5) mmHg vs (93.0±28.6) mmHg, PV (2.3±0.5) m/s vs (4.8±0.7) m/s, blood NT-proBNP level [1831 (1098-3363)] pg/ml vs [3842 (1763-8664)] pg/ml and aortic valve area (1.57±0.43) cm2 vs (0.58±0.23) cm2 allP<0.05. Within 6 months after TAVR, LVEF was continuously increasing especially in Cardiac dysfunction group; MG, PV and NT-proBNP level were continuously decreasing, NYHA grade was continuously improving, allP<0.05. Conclusion: TAVR was an effective treatment in AS patients with surgical contradiction or STS high risk score; it may continuously improve cardiac function, especially in patients with left heart dysfunction.

Preliminary Study of Levosimendan on Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis and Heart Failure / 中国循环杂志

To explore the safety and efficacy of levosimendan in treating the patients with severe aortic stenosis and to analyze the cardial function before and after medication in order to guide clinical treatment. Methods: A total of 20 patients admitted in our hospital from 2014-01 to 2015-12 were enrolled with the standard of echocardiography confirmed severe aortic stenosis, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)≤45%, NYHA III-IV and inefficacy for conventional anti-heart failure drug therapy. The patients received intravenous infusion of levosimendan at 0.1μg/(kg·min) by persistent pumping for 24 hours. Echocardiography, LVEF, dyspnea condition, NYHA grading and plasma levels of NT-proBNP were recorded pre- and post-medication to compare the cardiac function and symptoms of levosimendan therapy. Results: After levosimendan treatment, NYHA grade was improved, P=0.025 and NT-proBNP was reduced (9101.6±7368.0) pg/mLvs (13776.5±9503.7) pg/mL, P=0.018. The following parameters were similar before and after levosimendan therapy: LVEF (31.1±7.5)% vs (33.1±8.5)%, P=0.078, the average heart rate (79.6±13.8) bmp vs (82.8±9.5)bmp, P=0.200 and systolic blood pressure (99.6±11.7) mmHg vs (97.2±12.1) mmHg, P=0.071. There were 40% (8/20) patients with obviously improved and 50% (10/20) with improved dyspnea symptoms after levosimendan treatment. Conclusion: Our preliminary study presented that levosimendan could improve NYHA grading, remit dyspnea symptom and reduce blood NT-proBNP level in patients with severe aortic stenosis and heart failure; it had safety and tolerability at certain degree in clinical practice.

Performance evaluation of Mindray BS-820 automatic biochemical analyzer / 重庆医学

Objective To evaluate the analytical performance of Mindray BS‐820 automatic biochemical analysis system used in primary hospitals in Guangzhou area for verifying whether its performance meeting the clinical requirements .Methods Accord‐ing to the EP5‐A2 ,EP6‐A ,EP7‐A2 and EP‐17A files recommended by CLSI and the Pharmaceutical Industry Standard of the Peo‐ple′s Republic of China YY/T0654‐2008 ,the precision ,linear rang ,anti‐interference capability ,sensitivity and carry‐over rate of the Mindray BS‐820 automatic biochemical analysis system were evaluated by adopting 16 routine biochemical items .Results The pre‐cision results of all 16 analyzing items conducted by the Mindray BS‐820 automatic chemical analysis system conformed to the re‐quirements .The results of 15 items showed good linear relation during the testing range (r≥0 .997 9) .In 16 biochemical items ,the anti‐interference capability of TBIL ,TP ,TC ,TG ,LDL ,HDL ,UREA and Ca to bilirubin ,triglyceride and hemoglobin conformed to or were higher than the anti‐interference capability declared by manufacturer ,but among other 8 items ,the anti‐interference capabil‐ity of 3 items was lower than that declared by manufacturer .The limit of blank(LOB) of all 16 analyzing items was less than LOB in the kit instruction .The carry‐over rate of Glu was 0 .02% ,less than 0 .50% .Conclusion This instrument has good precision , sensitivity and low carry‐over rate(0 .02% ) ,the linear range is ideal ,r≥0 .997 9 ,the anti‐interference capability basically satisfies the clinical needs .Therefore this instrument is suitable for the use in the middle‐small scale laboratory department .

Early clinical outcomes of percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty in treating high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the procedural feasibility and early clinical outcomes of percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty (PBAV) in patients with severe aortic stenosis, who were considered transiently unsuitable for surgical aortic valve replacement (sAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between March 2011 and January 2014, datas of 20 patients underwent PBAV in Fuwai Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Mean patients age was (72 ± 8) years.Initial procedural and clinical outcomes were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PBAV was successfully performed in all cases. Post-procedure, aortic valve area increased from (0.55 ± 0.09) m(2) to (0.77 ± 0.15) m(2)(P < 0.001), left ventricle ejection fraction from (31.7 ± 9.0) % to (39.0 ± 11.0) % (P = 0.018), mean transaortic valve gradient decreased from (49.5 ± 15.0) mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) to (31.7 ± 12.0) mmHg (P < 0.001), and pulmonary artery systolic pressure decreased from (55.1 ± 18.0) mmHg to (38.7 ± 11.0) mmHg (P = 0.025) . There was no significant change in the aortic regurgitation grade (P = 0.854). The most common complications were hypotension (n = 4) and transient left bundle branch block (n = 5). Overall 24-hour and 30-day mortality was 5% (n = 1) and 15% (n = 3), respectively. Within 30 days after PBAV procedure, five patients underwent successful sAVR, one patient underwent TAVR, and five patients awaited TAVR.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis and temporary contraindication to sAVR or TAVR, PBAV can be safely used as a bridging intervention procedure and the short-term procedural and clinic outcomes are satisfactory.</p>

Evaluation of coronary stent by gemstone spectral imaging or high-definition scan:a phantom study / 天津医药

Objective To compare the displayed inner diameter of coronary stent by high definition(HD)and gem?stone spectral imaging(GSI)using dynamic cardiac and coronary artery phantom. Methods Five different types of coro?nary stents(internal diameter, 3.10 mm±0.55 mm;strut thickness, 0.12 mm±0.04 mm)were placed into a pulsating cardiac phantom(ALPHA 1-VT PC, Fuyo Corporation, Japan). The stent phantom was scanned by 3 systems, gemstone spectral im?aging(GSI), spiral scan(S)and HD. All the spectral imaging data were analyzed using GSI viewer to reconstruct the VMS (monochromic spectral) images(60-140 keV). Image noise(N), signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR) and inner diameter were compared between images acquired through these 3 systems. Results SNRs in images of S and HD were higher than that of GSI(P0.05). The visible diameter(%)measurements of HD(0.85 ± 0.06)was significant higher than that of the other 2 scan systems and most close to the width of those stent’s actual size.(GSI:0.40±0.16, 0.48±0.13, 0.50±0.14, 0.51±0.13, 0.45±0.05,0.52±0.13, 0.53±0.13, 0.53±0.13, 0.53±0.13, S:0.53±0.14, P<0.05). Conclusion There was no significant dif?ferences in image quality among the images acquired by these 3 systems when the heart rate was set to 60 beats per min. Comparing to GSI and S, HD can produce best represent images to the known inner diameter of coronary stent.

The clinical characteristics and prognosis of non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome in different genders / 中华内科杂志

Objective To determine gender differences in baseline characteristics and intervention treatment in relation to prognosis in patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS). Methods A total of 814 patients (545 men and 269 women) with NSTEACS were randomized to early intervention (coronary angiography ＜ 24 hours after randomization ) or delayed intervention (coronary angiography＞36 hours after randomization). The primary outcome was a composite of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke at 6 months. Results Women were older and more frequently had hypertension, diabtetes, and history of coronary artery disease (CAD) or chronic angina (P＜0.05 for all).Women less were smokers and had elevations in cardiac marker(P ＜ 0. 05 for both). Women who underwent angiography had no significant lesions more often, but the left main stem and/or three-vessel diseases were similar with men. In adjusted multiple logistic regression analysis,the previous myocardial infarction and severe coronary artery disease were independently associated with the risk of primary endpoint in women. On multivariate analysis for men, severe coronary artery disease delayed intervention strategy and at least 3 risk factors for CAD were independently associated with the risk of primary endpoint. Conclusions In NSTEACS patients, different gender had the different prognostic predictor. Severe coronary diseases were as an independent predictor for both male and female patients. An early intervention strategy resulted in a beneficial effect in men which was not seen in women.

A Two-year Follow-up Study on Efficacy of Skills Training on Schizophrenia / 中国康复理论与实践

@# Objective To study the efficacy of medication management, symptom management and community reentry skills-training modules to prevent rural patients with schizophrenia from relapse and increase their social function.Methods 89 subjects were randomly assigned to the skills training group (45 cases) and the control group (44 cases). Both groups received the same treatments, but the skills training courses were given to the skills training group for twelve weeks when the subjects were addmitted into the trial and at their one-year follow-up timepoint respectively. And a two-year follow-up was carried out. All subjects were evaluated with PANSS, SDSS, relapse and employeement.Results 89 subjects had completed the study. The skills training group demonstrated clinical Results significantly superior to those of the control group on overall improvement according to PANSS and SDSS. Substantially, statistically significant advantages of the skills training group were related to 1) the rate of relapse (11.1% vs 31.8%), 2) the rate of employment (37.8% vs 15.9%).Conclusion Medication management, symptom management and community-re-entry skills-training modules are effective in reducing patients' psychiatric symptoms, preventing them from relapse and increasing their social function.

Family Intervention for Chronic Schizophrenic Outpatients in Countryside / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To observe the effects of family intervenes on the social function of chronic schizophrenic outpatients in countryside.Methods 150 chronic schizophrenic patient were divided into the intervention group(75 cases)and the control group(75 cases).The intervention group accepted comprehensive family intervention education by the professional,while the control group only accepted the medical intervention.They were assessed with Social Disability Screening Schedule(SDSS),Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms(SAPS),Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms(SANS),Morningside Rehabilitation Stats Scale(MRSS)before,1 year,2 years and 3 years after intervention.Results The scores of SANS and MRSS improved in the intervention group compared with that of the control group(P<0.001),as well as the ability of self-care,family,responsibility,vocation of SDSS(P<0.05).Conclusion The family intervenes may improve the negative symptom and some social ability of chronic schizophrenic outpatients in countryside.